| Conjugated Forms |
| conjugation |
doushi no katsuyou henka |
動詞の活用変化 |
|
| intransitive verb |
jidoushi |
自動詞 |
消える – to go out – flame |
| transitive verb |
tadoushi |
他動詞 |
消す – to put out – fire |
| potential verb |
kanoudoushi |
可能動詞 |
飲める – able to drink |
| stative verb |
joutaidoushi |
状態動詞 |
|
| causative form |
shiekikei |
使役形 |
させる |
| passive form |
ukemikei |
受け身形 |
される |
| imperative form |
meireikei |
命令形 |
来い、しろ、食べろ、飲め |
| Active, Causative, Causative Passive, Passive & Potential |
| Term |
English |
Romaji |
Japanese |
| Active sentence |
I paid the bill. |
Watashi wa daikin o haraimashita. |
私は代金を払いました。 |
| Causative passive |
I was forced to pay the bill. |
Watashi wa daikin o harawaseraremashita / harawasaremashita. |
私は代金を払わせられました。 |
| Causative sentence |
My friends made me pay the bill. |
Tomodachi wa watashi ni daikin o harawasemashita. |
友達は私に代金を払わせました。 |
| Passive Sentence |
The bill was paid. |
Daikin wa harawaremashita. |
代金は払われました。 |
| Potential sentence |
I can pay the bill. |
Watashi wa daikin o haraemasu. |
私は代金を払えます。 |
| Because |
| Because using de |
Because I was working late last night I got very tired. |
Kinou no yoru, shigoto de, totemo tsukaremashita. |
昨日の夜仕事で、とても疲れました。 |
| Because using kara (a) |
Because many people will probably come, I bought lots of food. |
Hito ga takusan kuru darou kara, tabemono o takusan katte |
人がたくさん来るだろうから、食べ物のをたくさん買っておいた。 |
| Because using kara (b) |
Please come tomorrow because I’m busy today. |
Kyou wa isogashii desu kara, ashita kite kudasai. |
今日は忙しいですから、明日来て下さい。 |
| Because using nazenara |
Because, (I’m) really hungry! . |
Nazenara hara ga hetta kara. |
なぜなら腹が減ったから。 |
| Because using node |
Because I drank a lot of sake I got sleepy. |
Osake o takusan nonda node, nemuku narimashita. |
お酒をたくさん飲んだので、眠くなりました。 |
